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--- freebsd:i386toamd64 [2015/11/15 21:51]
127.0.0.1 Externe Bearbeitung
+++ freebsd:i386toamd64 [2015/11/15 22:00] (aktuell)
@@ Zeile 18: / Zeile 18: @@
-    some amd64 hardware, currently running in i386 mode (obviously ;.)
+  - some amd64 hardware, currently running in i386 mode (obviously ;.)
+  - a swap partition/volume of at least 350 MiB which can be used as a temporary root filesystem (miniroot)
-    a swap partition/volume of at least 350 MiB which can be used as a temporary root filesystem (miniroot)
+  - enough RAM so the machine could at least install a precompiled system without swap
-    enough RAM so the machine could at least install a precompiled system without swap
+  - a recent /usr/src filesystem of whatever branch has been chosen
+  - a running i386 system matching whatever is installed under /usr/src (just to be sure everything is consistent)
-    a recent /usr/src filesystem of whatever branch has been chosen
+  - a safe backup of all important data, in case something goes wrong with the migration
+  - console access, so you can use the loader prompt and single user mode (ssh access is not sufficient!)
-    a running i386 system matching whatever is installed under /usr/src (just to be sure everything is consistent)
-    a safe backup of all important data, in case something goes wrong with the migration
-    console access, so you can use the loader prompt and single user mode (ssh access is not sufficient!)
 ===== Migration Process =====
+If necessary, define your kernel config file in /etc/make.conf, create and edit it (otherwise, GENERIC will be used).
+Build amd64 world and kernel using:
+<code console>
+make buildworld TARGET=amd64 TARGET_ARCH=amd64
-    If necessary, define your kernel config file in /etc/make.conf, create and edit it (otherwise, GENERIC will be used).
+make buildkernel TARGET=amd64 TARGET_ARCH=amd64
-    Build amd64 world and kernel using:
+</code>
+This is supposed to pass without any issues. If not: resolve issues, and start over.
-        make buildworld TARGET=amd64 TARGET_ARCH=amd64
-        make buildkernel TARGET=amd64 TARGET_ARCH=amd64
-        This is supposed to pass without any issues. If not: resolve issues, and start over.
-    Turn your swap into a miniroot:
-        swapinfo -h — make sure no swap is in use (if the swap is not free, reboot here)
-        swapoff /dev/ad4s1b (or whatever your swap device is named — replace that name in the steps below if it is different)
-        edit /etc/fstab to comment out the swap line
-        newfs -U -n /dev/ad4s1b
-        mount /dev/ad4s1b /mnt
-        cd /usr/src && make installworld TARGET=amd64 TARGET_ARCH=amd64 DESTDIR=/mnt
-        file /mnt/bin/echo — make sure this displays as ELF 64-bit LSB executable
-        cd /usr/src/etc && make distribution TARGET=amd64 TARGET_ARCH=amd64 DESTDIR=/mnt
-        cp /etc/fstab /mnt/etc/fstab This completes your miniroot in the swap volume.
-    Prepare the /usr/obj tree for later installation:
-        The 64-bit (cross) build should be in /usr/obj/amd64.amd64 now, so remove any leftover 32-bit stuff: rm -rf /usr/obj/usr/src.
-        cd /usr/obj && ln -s amd64.amd64/* . — this should get symlinks for lib32 and usr (the original file location must still be retained by now)
-    Copy the 64-bit kernel into a bootable place, like
-        cp /usr/obj/amd64.amd64/usr/src/sys/$YOURKERNEL/kernel /boot/kernel.amd64
-        If any further KLDs are needed that have not been statically compiled into the kernel, copy them over to some place (presumably under /boot), too.
-    Reboot, and stop the system at the loader prompt (in the loader menu, press "2" for FreeBSD 9, or press "6" for FreeBSD 8)
-    unload to get rid of the (automatically loaded) 32-bit kernel
-    load /boot/kernel.amd64, possibly followed by loading any essential 64-bit KLDs here
-    boot -as to boot into single-user mode, with the loader asking for the location of the root filesystem (rather than figuring it out from /etc/fstab)
-    At the loader prompt asking for the root filesytem, enter ufs:, followed by the name of the swap volume/partition; e.g. ufs:/dev/ad4s1b
-    Press Enter to get the single-user shell
-    Mount (at least) the /, /var and /usr filesystems under /mnt; examine /etc/fstab to know which resources to mount
-    Bootstrap the system libraries and utilities from the miniroot:
-        chflags -R noschg /mnt/*bin /mnt/lib* /mnt/usr/*bin /mnt/usr/lib*
-        cd / && find *bin lib* usr/*bin usr/lib* | cpio -dumpv /mnt
+Turn your swap into a miniroot:
+<code console>
+swapinfo -h — make sure no swap is in use (if the swap is not free, reboot here)
+swapoff /dev/ad4s1b (or whatever your swap device is named — replace that name in the steps below if it is different)
+</code>
+edit /etc/fstab to comment out the swap line
+<code console>
+newfs -U -n /dev/ad4s1b
+mount /dev/ad4s1b /mnt
+cd /usr/src && make installworld TARGET=amd64 TARGET_ARCH=amd64 DESTDIR=/mnt
+file /mnt/bin/echo — make sure this displays as ELF 64-bit LSB executable
+cd /usr/src/etc && make distribution TARGET=amd64 TARGET_ARCH=amd64 DESTDIR=/mnt
+cp /etc/fstab /mnt/etc/fstab This completes your miniroot in the swap volume.
+</code>
-        mount -t devfs devfs /mnt/dev
+Prepare the /usr/obj tree for later installation:
+The 64-bit (cross) build should be in /usr/obj/amd64.amd64 now, so remove any leftover 32-bit stuff: rm -rf /usr/obj/usr/src.
+<code console>
+cd /usr/obj && ln -s amd64.amd64/* . — this should get symlinks for lib32 and usr (the original file location must still be retained by now)
+</code>
+Copy the 64-bit kernel into a bootable place, like
+<code console>
+cp /usr/obj/amd64.amd64/usr/src/sys/$YOURKERNEL/kernel /boot/kernel.amd64
+</code>
+If any further KLDs are needed that have not been statically compiled into the kernel, copy them over to some place (presumably under /boot), too.
+Reboot, and stop the system at the loader prompt (in the loader menu, press "2" for FreeBSD 9, or press "6" for FreeBSD 8)
+<code>
+unload to get rid of the (automatically loaded) 32-bit kernel
-    chroot /mnt so you can pretend living in the final target filesystem space
+load /boot/kernel.amd64, possibly followed by loading any essential 64-bit KLDs here
-    cd /usr/src && make installkernel installworld — this should work without any issues
+boot -as to boot into single-user mode, with the loader asking for the location of the root filesystem (rather than figuring it out from /etc/fstab)
+</code>
+At the loader prompt asking for the root filesytem, enter ufs:, followed by the name of the swap volume/partition; e.g. ufs:/dev/ad4s1b
-    exit so you're back in the miniroot environment
+Press Enter to get the single-user shell
-    reboot
+Mount (at least) the /, /var and /usr filesystems under /mnt; examine /etc/fstab to know which resources to mount
-    Boot into single-user mode (in the loader menu, press "6" then Enter for FreeBSD 9, or press "4" for FreeBSD 8)
+Bootstrap the system libraries and utilities from the miniroot:
+<code console>
+chflags -R noschg /mnt/*bin /mnt/lib* /mnt/usr/*bin /mnt/usr/lib*
-    fsck -p (just make sure all filesystems are allright)
+cd / && find *bin lib* usr/*bin usr/lib* | cpio -dumpv /mnt
-    mount -a -t ufs
+mount -t devfs devfs /mnt/dev
-    Edit /etc/fstab to re-enable the swap
+chroot /mnt so you can pretend living in the final target filesystem space
-    To give any existing (32-bit) ports a chance to work, do the following:
-        mkdir /usr/local/lib32
+cd /usr/src && make installkernel installworld — this should work without any issues
-        cd /usr/local/lib && find . -type f \( -name "*.so*" -o -name "*.a" \) | cpio -dumpv ../lib32
+exit so you're back in the miniroot environment
-        add the following line to /etc/rc.conf:
+reboot
+</code>
-            ldconfig32_paths="/usr/lib32 /usr/local/lib32"
+Boot into single-user mode (in the loader menu, press "6" then Enter for FreeBSD 9, or press "4" for FreeBSD 8)
-    Turn /usr/obj into its canonical form (optional):
+<code console>
+fsck -p (just make sure all filesystems are allright)
-        cd /usr/obj
+mount -a -t ufs
+</code>
+Edit /etc/fstab to re-enable the swap
+To give any existing (32-bit) ports a chance to work, do the following:
+<code console>
+mkdir /usr/local/lib32
-        rm * — just to remove the lib32 and usr symlinks (it will complain and not remove the amd64.amd64 directory)
+cd /usr/local/lib && find . -type f \( -name "*.so*" -o -name "*.a" \) | cpio -dumpv ../lib32
+</code>
+add the following line to /etc/rc.conf:
+<code>
+ldconfig32_paths="/usr/lib32 /usr/local/lib32"
+</code>
+Turn /usr/obj into its canonical form (optional):
+<code console>
+cd /usr/obj
-        mv amd64.amd64/* . && rmdir amd64.amd64
+rm * — just to remove the lib32 and usr symlinks (it will complain and not remove the amd64.amd64 directory)
-    Remove the temporary kernel (optional): rm /boot/kernel.amd64
+mv amd64.amd64/* . && rmdir amd64.amd64
-    Exit the single-user shell, bringing the system into multiuser
+</code>
+Remove the temporary kernel (optional): rm /boot/kernel.amd64
+Exit the single-user shell, bringing the system into multiuser
 Now the basic migration has been done.
 Some 32-bit ports might not work, despite of the hackery to save their shared libs in a separate place. It's probably best to reinstall all ports. portupgrade -af doesn't work as it clobbers its own package database in the course of this operation (when reinstalling ruby and/or ruby-bdb).

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